Belt And Road Initiative China Adalah

Fakultas Psikologi UAD kembali berkesempatan mendapatkan kuliah dosen tamu dari University Malaysia Pahang yaitu Dr. Sulistyo Arianto (6/4/2017). Bertempat  di ruang SG 1.1.108 kampus 1 UAD, Dr. Sulistyo kali ini mengisi mata kuliah Biopsikologi yang di ikuti 100 mahasiswa angkatan 2016 dari kelas A, B, dan C.

Mengangkat tema road safety and human behaviour, Sulistyo menerangkan tentang faktor-faktor penyebab kecelakaan lalu lintas  mulai dari yang sederhana  sampai dengan yang komplek. Selain itu  ia juga memaparkan data negara-negara  dengan  kasus kecelakaan lalu lintas tertinggi sampai dengan yang terendah. Lulusan dari  Universitas Gadjah Mada  ini, juga menjelaskan berbagai macam kebiasaan orang  pada umumnya yang mengakibatkan kecelakaan saat berlalu lintas.

“Angka kecelakaan lalu lintas sangat tinggi di Negara berkembang, kelalaian manusia itu sendiri adalah faktor tertinggi penyebab kecelakaan dalam berlalu lintas hingga mencapai angka 94%. Jika kita bisa berdisiplin dalam berlalu lintas kita pasti bisa mencegah atau mengurangi jumlah kecelakaan lalu lintas yang terjadi” Dr. Sulistyo Arianto dosen  University Malaysia Pahang.

Table of contents : ContentsList of FiguresList of TablesForewordForewordThe ContributorsGlossaryIntroduction: The Road to Nusantara—Process, Challenges and OpportunitiesPART I: PROCESSES AND PATHWAYS TOWARDS NUSANTARA1. Nusantara: A Historical Perspective2. The New State Capital Regulations: Contending for Autonomy, Democracy and Legitimacy?3. Nusantara and the Spatial Implications for the Practice of Indonesian Democracy4. Crowdfunding for IKN: Potential, Risk and People’s PerceptionPART II: CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING NUSANTARA5. Addressing the Challenges in Developing Nusantara: The Roles of Spatial Planning6. The Transfer of the National Capital (IKN): The Domination of the Capitalist Political Economy and the Dynamics of Local Representation7. Identifying Potential Social Challenges in IKN: Perspectives of Civil Society and Villagers in East Kalimantan8. Population and Human Capital Redistribution: Understanding Opportunities and Challenges in Mass Migration to NusantaraPART III: OPPORTUNITIES FOR NUSANTARA9. Nusantara the Green Capital: Leveraging Moment for Improved Forest Governance10. Sustainability of the Local Community’s Livelihoods and the Idea of the Modern City of Nusantara11. Projecting A Global Identity as a Maritime Nation in the New Capital CityConclusion: Shaping NusantaraIndex

The Road to Nusantara The National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN) is a cabinet-level government agency functioning directly under the President of the Republic of Indonesia that conducts integrated research, development, assessment, and application, as well as invention and innovations, and the implementation of nuclear energy and space policies. BRIN is also responsible for the regulation of science, technology, and national innovation, and is Indonesia’s implementing agency for research and innovation. BRIN Publishing is an established scientific publisher in Indonesia under The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). BRIN Publishing holds a high responsibility to enlighten society’s intelligence and awareness through the provision of qualified publications available to the public at large. Our main work revolves around planning, acquiring, designing, and distributing scientific knowledge to the public. BRIN Publishing has collaborated with various researchers and academicians as well as global publishers to publish high-quality publications that have passed thorough quality control mechanisms and editorial processes, including peer review. The ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute (formerly Institute of Southeast Asian Studies) is an autonomous organization established in 1968. It is a regional centre dedicated to the study of socio-political, security, and economic trends and developments in Southeast Asia and its wider geostrategic and economic environment. The Institute’s research programmes are grouped under Regional Economic Studies (RES), Regional Strategic and Political Studies (RSPS), and Regional Social and Cultural Studies (RSCS). The Institute is also home to the ASEAN Studies Centre (ASC), the Singapore APEC Study Centre and the Temasek History Research Centre (THRC). ISEAS Publishing, an established academic press, has issued more than 2,000 books and journals. It is the largest scholarly publisher of research about Southeast Asia from within the region. ISEAS Publishing works with many other academic and trade publishers and distributors to disseminate important research and analyses from and about Southeast Asia to the rest of the world. 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 2 3/7/23 4:09 PM First published in Singapore in 2023 by ISEAS Publishing 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Singapore 119614 E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://bookshop.iseas.edu.sg and National Research and Innovation Agency (Badan Riset dan Inovasi Nasional, BRIN) Gedung B.J. Habibie Jl. M.H. Thamrin No. 8 Jakarta Pusat 10340 Indonesia E-mail: [email protected] Website: penerbit.brin.go.id All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute. © 2023 ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute, Singapore The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the authors and their interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the publisher or its supporters. ISEAS Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Name(s): Lau, Julia M., editor. | Alami, Athiqah Nur, editor. | Negara, Siwage Dharma, editor. | Nugroho, Yanuar, editor. Title: The road to Nusantara : process, challenges, and opportunities / edited by Julia M. Lau, Athiqah Nur Alami, Siwage Dharma Negara and Yanuar Nugroho. Description: Singapore : ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute ; Jakarta : National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), 2023. | All chapters started as papers presented at the conference “The Road to Nusantara: Process, Challenges and Opportunities” on 27–28 October 2022 at ISEAS in Singapore. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: ISBN 9789815104226 (soft cover) | ISBN 9789815104233 (ebook PDF) Subjects: LCSH: City Planning—Indonesia. | Capitals (Cities)—Indonesia. | Economic development—Indonesia. | Indonesia—Politics and government. Classification: LCC HT165.53 I5R62 Front cover: Photograph of Titik Nol, Nusantara, East Kalimantan. Reproduced with kind permission of Dr Agung Wicaksono, Deputy (Investment), IKN Authority. Cover design by Refine Define Pte Ltd Index compiled by Raffaie Nahar Typeset by Superskill Graphics Pte Ltd Printed in Singapore by Mainland Press Pte Ltd 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 4 3/7/23 4:09 PM Contents List of Figures vii List of Tables viii Foreword by Dr Bambang Susantono ix Foreword by Dr Laksana Tri Handoko xi The Contributors xiii Glossary xxii Introduction: The Road to Nusantara—Process, Challenges and Opportunities Athiqah Nur Alami, Siwage Dharma Negara, Yanuar Nugroho and Julia M. Lau 1 PART I: PROCESSES AND PATHWAYS TOWARDS NUSANTARA 1. Nusantara: A Historical Perspective 11 Yanuar Nugroho, Wasisto Raharjo Jati, Pradita Devis Dukarno and Iryan Ali Herdiansyah 2. The New State Capital Regulations: Contending for Autonomy, Democracy and Legitimacy? Mardyanto Wahyu Tryatmoko and Koichi Kawamura 32 Nusantara and the Spatial Implications for the Practice of Indonesian Democracy Ian Douglas Wilson 52 4. Crowdfunding for IKN: Potential, Risk and People’s Perception 75 Riri Kusumarani and Anne Parlina 3. PART II: CHALLENGES IN DEVELOPING NUSANTARA 5. Addressing the Challenges in Developing Nusantara: The Roles of Spatial Planning Dimas Wisnu Adrianto and Kathleen Meira Berta 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 5 107 3/7/23 4:09 PM vi 6. 7. 8. contents The Transfer of the National Capital (IKN): The Domination of the Capitalist Political Economy and the Dynamics of Local Representation Septi Satriani, Pandu Yuhsina Adaba and Imam Syafi’i Identifying Potential Social Challenges in IKN: Perspectives of Civil Society and Villagers in East Kalimantan Deasy Simandjuntak, David Meschede and Michaela Haug Population and Human Capital Redistribution: Understanding Opportunities and Challenges in Mass Migration to Nusantara Meirina Ayumi Malamassam PART III: OPPORTUNITIES FOR NUSANTARA 9. Nusantara the Green Capital: Leveraging Moment for Improved Forest Governance Dini Suryani, Dian Aulia and Marcellinus Mandira Budi Utomo 10. Sustainability of the Local Community’s Livelihoods and the Idea of the Modern City of Nusantara Rusli Cahyadi, Deny Hidayati, Ali Yansyah Abdurrahim, Temi Indriati Miranda and Ardanareswari Ayu Pitaloka 11. Projecting A Global Identity as a Maritime Nation in the New Capital City Lidya Christin Sinaga and Khanisa Conclusion: Shaping Nusantara Yanuar Nugroho and Julia M. Lau 125 150 173 197 225 246 267 Index 271 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 6 3/7/23 4:09 PM List of Figures 1.1 Jonggol as a Self-Contained City 19 4.1 Simplified Crowdfunding Categories 4.2 Conceptual Framework: Understanding Crowdfunding for the IKN 4.3 Projects That Are Appropriate for Crowdfunding 4.4 Appropriate Projects, According to Interviewed Experts 79 6.1 Map of the State Capital of Nusantara of Indonesia 7.1 Awareness and Impact of Proposed Capital Relocation, Respondent Summary 7.2 Respondents’ Hopes for the Future, N=60 7.3 Fears of Respondents about Future Problems with IKN Relocation, N=60 84 86 93 130 161 163 164 8.1 Migrants in Indonesia, by Percentage of Total Population 180 8.2 Predicted Probabilities of Migration by Educational Attainment 184 9.1 Forest Cover in East Kalimantan (in thousand ha) 201 9.2 HWC Reports by Wildlife Species 204 9.3 Roadmap Timeline for Environmental Recovery in IKN Area 206 10.1 Map of the Existing Administrative Boundary of the IKN 10.2 Policies Related to IKN 10.3 Two Notice Boards in KIPP IKN Installed by KLHK (left) and ATR/BPN (right) 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 7 228 236 237 3/7/23 4:09 PM List of Tables 4.1 Examples of Civic Crowdfunding Projects Globally 4.2 Aspects of Crowdfunding Regulation in Comparison with POJK No. 16 and POJK.04/2021 4.3 Respondents’ Demographic Information, N=285 4.4 Coded Examples 81 83 85 87 5.1 National Population Distribution in 2010, 2020, and 2035 (Projected) 109 5.2 Development Stages of Nusantara 112 9.1 Total Forest Area of East Kalimantan in 2020 200 9.2 Natural Resources Extraction Business Permits in East Kalimantan 202 9.3 Pillar 1: Policy, Legal Institutional, and Regulatory Frameworks 209 9.4 Pillar 2: Planning and Decision-Making Processes 209 9.5 Pillar 3: Implementation, Enforcement and Compliance 210 10.1 Basic Population and Area in Kelurahan Pemaluan and Bumi Harapan Village 10.2 Occupations in Kelurahan Pemaluan and Bumi Harapan Village, by Gender 10.3 Population Category by House and Land Location 23-J09569 00 The Road to Nusantara.indd 8 229 230 239 3/7/23 4:09 PM Foreword I welcome the publication of The Road to Nusantara: Process, Challenges and Opportunities, co-published by Singapore’s ISEAS – Yusof Ishak Institute and Indonesia’s National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN). This book aims to capture the multi-faceted development aspects of Indonesia’s future national capital, Nusantara, and critically evaluates some challenges and opportunities that the development of the city may bring. The book provides readers with a wide range of vantage points that inform the development of this historical project. Such enriching perspectives are particularly valuable for us at the Nusantara National Capital Authority (NNCA), which is tasked to plan and coordinate the development of the city. The NNCA will subsequently oversee the government’s transition to Nusantara before eventually becoming the city’s administrator. As I shared at the ISEAS-BRIN conference in October 2022, which is the foundation for this publication, Nusantara is not a typical city-building infrastructural project. A key element of the “Indonesia 2045” vision, Nusantara demonstrates Indonesia’s effort to embrace new working cultures and innovative ways of thinki

Offenbar hast du diese Funktion zu schnell genutzt. Du wurdest vorübergehend von der Nutzung dieser Funktion blockiert.

Sekitar 70% limbah padat yang dihasilkan oleh masyarakat Indonesia setiap tahun dikirim ke tempat pembuangan sampah terbuka, yang berdampak negatif pada kesehatan lingkungan dan masyarakat setempat.

Pemerintah Indonesia terus berupaya dan berkomitmen mengembangkan strategi yang komprehensif – dari sisi kebijakan dan kapasitas kelembagaan – untuk mendukung pengelolaan sampah di tingkat lokal; peningkatan kapasitas pengelolaan limbah di perkotaan; mengurangi sampah di tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) dengan mempromosikan aksi 3R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle) dan mengubah sampah menjadi energi.

Pada bulan Maret 2019, Pemerintah Indonesia merilis program nasional yang ambisius untuk pengelolaan sampah yang bertujuan mengurangi sampah plastik di laut sebesar 70% dan sampah padat sebesar 30%. Inisiatif ini adalah bagian dari Global Plastic Action Partnership, yang menggunakan model analitis inovatif untuk pengambilan keputusan berbasis data, untuk memperkirakan investasi yang dibutuhkan, tahapan waktu, jejak lingkungan dan emisi gas rumah kaca serta dampak proyek terhadap kehidupan masyarakat.